MA-GAN Rhythms

Eden, Magan, Nok, Sumerian, Symbols

In fact, Thurstan Shaw noted repeatedly that many of the artifacts look Indian in style. One such seal is the elephant-head seal of Narmer, the grandson of Sargon the Great (plate 2aa, bb).

Plate     2AA

It also bears the quadrangle emblem of Sargon. Plate 2aa: (left, Igbo Ukwu) Ornate Elephant heads with SHAR symbols of Sargon (cf. Plate 1bb).

Plate 2bb (below, from Indus Valley Harappan civilization ‘The wild Bull’ Emperor has two elephants, symbol of Sargon’s son Narmer (Menes), the Sumerian Fish symbol (QA/KWA) is the generic name for the Southern Nigerian Tribes.

Notice the Sumerian stylized X letters (beneath, compare with plate 4aa) meaning GAN – ‘Garden of Eden’, according to Waddell, implying that this emperor is from the GAN lineage in Eden.

Plate 11bb: NOK artifacts from Plateau State in Middle Belt Nigeria. The eyes are obviously symbolizing the crescent moon hugging the sun-disc (“EDEN”).

The upward-slanting stripe above the eye (left) is the Sumerian Ogam letter M. Added to the crescent/sun-disc, both create the word MA-GAN.

Magan was a famous Sumerian ancient city always mentioned along with Egypt in Sumerian texts, but whose real identity has never been ascertained. From the famous NOK slanting eyes with a holed pupil, we know that MAGAN was Nigeria. Plate 11bb (further below): The cross-hatching hairstyle is the Sumerian pictographs for the word SI/SIG, which could mean ‘Official”.

The remarkable civilisation of the Nok was first discovered in 1928 when a wealth of unique terracotta artefacts was unearthed by tin miners in the southern part of Kaduna state in central Nigeria. Since then, extensive archaeological excavations and research into the Nok have revealed that they may have been the first complex civilisation in West Africa, existing from at least 900 BC until their mysterious disappearance in around 200 AD.

Plate       2BB

Nok Metal and Stone Tools: The Nok people were an extremely advanced society, with one of the most complex judicial systems of the time, and the earliest producers of life-sized terracotta in the Sub-Sahara. Archaeologists have also found stone tools, rock paintings, and iron implements, including fearsome spear points, bracelets, and small knives.

But by far the most enigmatic and intriguing aspect of the Nok Culture were their Terracotta statues, described by the mémoire d'afrique, which houses a gallery of the statues, as “extraordinary, astonishing, ageless, timeless and almost extraterrestrial?”.

The figures, which date back to at least 500 BC, are almost always people with large, mostly elongated heads with almond-shaped hollow looking eyes are parted lips.

These unusual features are particularly perplexing considering that the statues have been constructed accurately with relative proportions of the head, body, and feet, leading some to use the term ‘extraterrestrial-looking’ when describing them.

Microscopic inspection of the clay used in the terracotta shows it to be remarkably uniform over the whole Nok area, suggesting that the clay came from a single, yet-undiscovered source.

Plate      4AA

Plate 4aa (left): The Sumerian X pictograph is the third symbol for GAN (“EDEN”).

It appears to be the origin of the Swastika, in its Harappan rendering above the older Sumerian original (below). 4bb (below):

Native Igbo commonest shrine symbol of the Earth Goddess is an obvious indication of the Nigerian location of Eden. This is known in esoteric quarters as the Tetragram of Solomon and Moses!

Nok Terracotta statues, between 200 AD and 500 BCE. Not much is known about the purposes of these peculiar sculptures but some theories have suggested they were used as charms to prevent crop failure, illness, and infertility, while others have suggested that they represent high-status individuals who were worshipped by the people. However, the construction of life-sized statues isn’t the only evidence of the advancement of their society.

Research has revealed that the Nok people had a highly developed system of administration to ensure law and order. Judicial System, court, Priest, Chief: It is a known fact that the Nok’s judicial system pre-dates the western judicial system.

Pate      4BB

The Nok people created classes of courts used for adjudicating cases from minor civil cases, such as family disputes and false allegations, to criminal cases such as stealing, murder, and adultery.

The people believed that every crime attracts a curse which was capable of destroying the whole family and therefore must be uncovered to avoid the consequences.

The suspect was brought before an open court for traditional oath-taking, which involved standing between two monoliths facing the sun, the most supreme god called Nom.

The suspect then swore to tell the truth. Cases that cannot be resolved in the open court are taken to the high court which sits within an enclosed shrine.

The court was presided over by the Chief Priest and various clan heads. Anyone found guilty was fined goats and chicken for sacrifice to the gods and local wine for the chief priest. The town would then declare a day of celebration on which the people would thank the gods for their graces in successfully resolving the issue and averting doom for the people.

Plate    11BB

A sharp drop in the volume of pottery and terracotta in soil layers suggests that the once-thriving Nok population declined fairly rapidly and no evidence can be found of their existence after 200 AD, nor has any evidence been found which suggests a reason for their disappearance.

Some have suggested that over-exploitation of natural resources and a heavy reliance on charcoal may have played a role, while others have said it could have been any number of different possibilities including climate change, a pandemic, invasion, epidemic or famine.

The Nok civilisation left a remarkable cultural legacy for the people that followed after them, but there are still many unanswered questions about the Nok, from why they disappeared to the true purpose and nature of the unique and mysterious terracotta statues.

In this region of Chad, the recent "bovidien" an epoque during which iron was affirmed to have been in use, is considered to be from the 1st millennium B.C. Yet, P. Huard notes that "in the recent bovidien of Ennedi, in the style of Fada, which we consider to have occurred before iron working, gave the Bailloud core grid spears."

On the other hand, the Nubian group C (to whom the depiction of the spear-man accompanied by his herd of cattle in the north-east portion of Ennedi belongs) started, according to Arkell, at the end of the 3rd millennium B.C. (between -2300 and -2150).

Plate    3AA

From the famous NOK slanting eyes with a holed pupil, we know that MAGAN was Nigeria. Plate 11bb (above:

The cross-hatching hairstyle is the Sumerian pictographs for the word SI/SIG, which could mean ‘Official”.

All Sumerian emperors bore the title “King of Eden (Edin) Land”.

Their symbols for Eden are: A Crescent Moon hugging a Sun disc (right, plate 3aa and below, 6a), and an X with two opposite ends joined (further above plate 4aa).

This latter symbol is the commonest earth-goddess symbol in Igbo land (plate 4b).   According to Sumerian texts, these two symbols also have the meaning of “rising and setting sun”. Sargon’s father claims to have conquered the “land of the Rising and the Setting Sun and his great grand-son king Gani-Eri was recorded to have ruled a Sun Temple.

Archaeologists of the University of Nigeria have been conducting research in Pre-Historic iron smelting sites in Enugu State for two decades. Smelting materials from one of the sites recently returned a date of 2,000 B.C., which is so far, the oldest date for iron smelting in the world and coincides with the demise of the Sumerian civilization.

Plate      6A

This particular iron smelting site houses a Pre-historic monument of a ‘Temple of the Sun’ created with hundreds of huge iron slag piled into the shape of a crescent Moon hugging a Sun-disc (right, plate 6a, compare with 3aa above)!

The native priests who worship at the ancient shrine claim that the disc (mound) in the center of the crescent moon symbol is covering a hole leading into a bottomless pit!

The Egyptian Book of the Dead records that the Duat where the Pharaohs go for the Afterlife is an underground construction located in Heliopolis (‘City of the Sun’) in Eden, and that it has an opening into the earth called An/Anu (Biblical On), meaning “Hole”. The Igbo word for ‘Hole’ is Onu.

We have demonstrated in a recent write-up published in the “Migration and Diffusion” website by Christine Pellech that all landmarks associated with the Duat of Heliopolis in Egyptian texts are found in and around this prehistoric shrine of the metal people of Enugu State. And our conclusion based on hardcore evidence is that the Enugu ‘Temple of the Sun’ located in Lejja, Nsukka is the Egyptian Sun Temple of the lost Eden city of Heliopolis. It actually has an opening into a bottomless pit (plate 6a).

MA-GAN or M-GAN Translated

Sumerian Step Pyramids (Ziggurats) in Enugu State: Sumerians taught the world to build pyramids. Their step-pyramids were called ziggurats. Ancient Igbos built Ziggurats and buried their heroic god-men in them. The last Ziggurats of Enugu State were destroyed by the British colonialists and missionaries in the nineteen forties.

An image of the last ancient Sumerian ziggurat of ancient Igbo land photographed by British anthropologist .G. I. Jones in 1932 in Udi county, Enugu state.

Nok Sculptures

This is the tip of the iceberg. We have authored three major publications since we began this research in 1990 – The Gram Code of African Adam, They Lived Before Adam and The Lost Testament of the Ancestors of Adam. One of our books on the subject.

They Lived Before Adam – won the International Book Awards in 2009, and featured on C-Span Book TV, New York and on Harlem Book Fair with an award (in the latter)and special recognition. The second principle called 'correspondence', of the eight principles of natural law, stated: as below so above, as above so below. This Principle embodies the truth that there is always a Correspondence between the laws and phenomena of the various planes of Being and Life. The old Hermetic axiom ran in these words: “As above, so below; as below, so above.” And the grasping of this Principle gives one the means of solving many a dark paradox, and hidden secret of Nature.

There are planes beyond our knowing, but when we apply the Principle of Correspondence to them we are able to understand much that would otherwise be unknowable to us. This Principle is of universal application and manifestation, on the various planes of the material, mental, and spiritual universe—it is a Universal Law. End of part 7 of 10. Next blog on 08/03/19.

Zombie Powder

The Zombie legends have so many variations, including the regurgitated Hollywood versions, which are all false. There is a true story behind the Zombie legends.

Niger-Congo Symbols, Nsibidi Glyphs, Sumerian Cuneiform, Mohenjo Daro

Pre-Cuneiform Sumerian Inscriptions Reveal Links with Africa
To get a bearing on the study of this lost Sumerian Mother civilization, we switched to the study of Pre-Cuneiform Sumerian inscriptions, for as we found out, long before the invention of the cuneiform method of writing in the Middle East, Sumerians first wrote on stone and rock, pottery, copper, bronze and iron implements. These were all original Sumerian inventions. Sumerian Kings and Emperors also wrote their official kings-seals on the hardwood like ebony.

Sumerian Symbols before & after Cuneiform Writing

Some of these have been found in Egypt, Mesopotamia, Assyria, Babylon Mohenjo Daro, and Harappan. Our study of the official seals of the kings of Sumer revealed that Sumer was a great world empire and its kings and emperors were Masters of the Seas and oceans. L.A. Waddell in Makers of Civilization in Race and History (London, 1921) noted that after Sumer was destroyed (2,023 B.C.).

Its civilization continued to thrive in its empires: Egypt, Mesopotamia, Babylon, Harappan, Mohenjo Daro. Zecharia Sitchen who spent his entire life translating and studying Sumerian cuneiform texts observed that Sumer taught the world everything they know and that it was refugees fleeing the destroyed cities of Sumer that seeded the first civilizations in China, India, Assyria, Babylon, Mesopotamia, and that Egypt was a direct offshoot of Sumer. Below, is a brief introduction to the historicity of the Mohenjo Daro civilization of India.

ANCIENT INDIA: Sometime around 6,000 B.C.E. a nomadic herding people, who some now think to be Dravidians, settled into villages in the Mountainous region just west of the Indus River. There they grew barley and wheat, harvesting it using sickles with flint blades.

They lived in small houses built with adobe bricks. After about 5000 B.C.E. the climate in their region changed, bringing more rainfall, which apparently enabled them to grow more food, for they grew in population. They began domesticating sheep, goats, and cows and then water buffalo.

Mohenjo Daro Ruins, India

Then after 4000 B.C.E., they began to trade with distant areas in central Asia and areas west of the Khyber Pass. They also began using bronze and other metals. In time the total area of the Indus civilization became larger than that of the old kingdom of Egypt. Their cities were characterized by buildings of elaborate architecture, constructed of fired brick, with sewage systems and paved streets. Below: Bronze Figure of a dancing girl, Mohenjo-Daro, India 2500 B.C.E.

Note: The Bronze Figure of the dancing Mohenjo-Daro girl has a tribal mark that is visible on her right cheek. If we use the Igbo Nsibidi Script and Ogham (Ogam) line to transcribe, it equates to the letters T or F/V. Many of such transcription will be presented, later in this article and the next, in order to translate ancient symbols, that are pre-Sumerian cuneiform. Typical of these large planned cities is Mohenjo-Daro, which along with its great buildings, had city streets laid out in a grid.

Mohenjo-Daro Dancing Girl

The city is thought to have housed roughly 50,000 people and had a granary, baths, assembly halls, and towers. The city was divided into two parts; west of the city there stood a citadel surround by a wall. Also located here were a giant granary, a large residential structure, and at least two aisled assembly halls. To the east of the citadel was the lower city, laid out in a grid pattern.

The people of Mohenjo-Daro, Harappa and the other cities, shared a sophisticated system of weights and measures, used arithmetic with decimals, and had a written language that was partly phonetic and partly ideographic.

The Indus people also utilized seals for signatures and pictorial presentation, as did the people to the northwest in Elam and Sumer. The Indus valley people carried on active trade relations with the middle-east in gold, copper utensils, lapis lazuli, ivory, beads, and semiprecious stones.

Sometime between 1,800 and 1,700 B.C. Civilization on the Indus Plain all but vanished. What befell these people is unknown. One suspected cause is a shift in the Indus River, another is a huge ruinous Earthquake, and still, another is monumental flooding of the rivers. Flooding that would explain the thick layers of silt, thirty feet above the level of the river at the site of Mohenjo-Daro. Of course, these are only unsubstantiated theories, no one knows what really caused the people to leave. Later, people of a different culture inhabited some of the abandoned cities, in what archaeologists call a "squatter period." This citadel appears to have been a religious centre.

It was also speculated that the Mohenjo-Daro civilization perished in an ancient nuclear war, fought by the Gods, through the use of ancient flying machines called Vimana. A vimana is a word with several meanings ranging from temple or palace to mythological flying machines described in Sanskrit epics.

The Vimanas, ancient Indian Flying Machine like Technical Drawing

References to these flying machines are commonplace in ancient Indian texts, even describing their use in warfare. As well as being able to fly within Earth's atmosphere, vimanas were also said to be able to travel into space and travel underwater. Descriptions in the Vedas and later Indian literature detail vimanas of various shapes and sizes: In the Vedas:
The "agnihotra-vimana" with two engines. (Agni means fire in Sanskrit.)
The "gaja-vimana" with more engines. (Gaja means elephant in Sanskrit.)
Other types named after the kingfisher, ibis, and other animals. End of Mohenjo-Daro introduction.

From our study of the official seals of the various kings of Sumer, we could immediately see a direct connection with the Sub-Saharan African continent in terms of common symbols.

An example of many Ikom Monoliths

We also discovered that the earliest Sumerian writing form was written on stone. Since 2002, we have been studying ancient stone inscriptions in Cross River State, Nigeria popularly called Ikom monoliths. We have been connecting with international scholars who are involved in the same kind of research.

In the process, it was discovered that one particular kind of stone inscription found all over the world, which is called Ogam in Britain, which had never before been translated into any form of sensible sentence, easily lent itself into translation in the Igbo language of South-Eastern Nigeria, and we were the first to score this feat!  We later found out that Ogam was one of the many forms of Stone Inscriptions created by the ancient Sumerians of West Africa.

We have discovered that most of the native lines and symbols that grace ancient African artifacts are forms of Sumerian inscriptions, whose meanings have been lost until now, of which the commonest is Ogam.

Ogam Lines

Using Ogam we have transcribed some famous ancient NOK artifacts of Middle Belt Nigeria and found that every one of the ubiquitous slanting eyes on Nok read the word MA-GAN! (See plate 11). 

Magan was an ancient Sumerian nation conquered by Menes - the founder of First Dynasty Egypt. This means that Magan was once a name for ancient Nigeria, of which NOK was a major city.

To date, the whereabouts of the ancient homeland of the fleeing Sumerians has remained a mystery. Archaeological efforts to find it in Mesopotamia have struck zero. However, our transcriptions of ancient African artifacts such as the 350 inscribed stone monoliths of Cross River State, Nigeria, the ancient NOK terracotta inscriptions of Plateau state, Nigeria, and especially the pottery, bronze, and copper inscriptions on the artifacts excavated in 1950 by British archaeologists Thurstan Shaw in Igbo Ukwu, Anambra State, have revealed them to be Sumerian!

Some of these ancient symbols are emblems of Sumerian cities recorded in Egyptian mythological texts such as the Pyramid Texts, the Coffin Texts and The Egyptian Book of the Dead.

Plate     11A Nok Terracotta inscriptions

Others are emblems of Sumerian and Egyptian gods such as Shamash (Utu), Sin, Sheshat, Adad, Thoth, Osiris, Horus, and many others, all of whose activities are well recorded in Yoruba, Benin and Igbo local pantheons of Gods in their native Nigerian as well as Sumerian names.

A recently published linguistic research on the language that the Sumerians spoke, concluded that they spoke a Niger-Congo language.  Niger-Congo is the language spoken in Southern Nigeria and Cameroon. Sumerians and Nigerian Shared Many Cultural Traits: There is documented evidence that ancient Sumerians shared cultural, traditional and occupational traits with rural Nigerians.  People of both nations were farmers, merchants, metallurgists.

Both were adept in bronze alloy making. They lived in mud houses of reed, worshipped tutelary gods in small shrines, drank palm wine, wore wrappers and loincloths, ground grains on stone querns and used hoes in farming. Their kings used the same instruments of power used by Nigerian kings to this very day.

Pre-Dynastic Egyptian Symbols vs Niger-Congo Symbols  

In a portrait of King Sargon’s grandson, King Narmer (Enzu) located in the Imperial Ottoman Museum in Turkey, he is wearing a wrapper, Nigeria-style with one shoulder bare “and carries a club in the right hand and a whip in the left and wears bracelets on both arms and a tall Phrygian hat.”

The Phrygian hat (Santa Claus hat) is the traditional Hat of Igbo initiates and Chiefs of Eri. Among Sumerian emblems and inscriptions, it is called Eri.

Narmer’s “club” is the Igbo traditional wooden club-like emblem of divine authority called Ofo.

The whip is the traditional Igbo/Black African horse-tail found in all Black Africa, borne by elders.

Like Igbo people, Sumerian people of high rank were buried in their private houses which they had inhabited while they lived.  Their priests were called Shangu, a name derived from the Yoruba god of thunder Shango, Xango or Sango whose equivalent in Sumer was Utu. Like native Yoruba, Benin and Igbo priests Sumerian priests wore white wrapper while performing rituals in their shrines. The list of similarities is endless…

Emblems of Sargon the Great and His Lost City of Akkad Found in Anambra State, Nigeria
Sargon the Great was Sumer’s first official post-Deluge king (ca. 3500 B.C.). His city of Akkad, the oldest Post Deluge city of Sumer, has never been found, nor excavated, by archaeologists.

Ifa Priests

However, based on our recent discoveries from the study of pre-cuneiform texts attributed to Sargon and his line of kings, we believe we have found Sargon’s lost city – a buried city in Igbo land excavated in 1950 by a young British archaeologist fresh from the university.

We found among the images of the excavated bronze and copper artifacts of Igbo Ukwu, the two official seals of the most famous of Sumer’s emperors - Sargon the Great of Akkad - among the excavated artifacts of Igbo Ukwu, which are mostly lodged in the British Museum. Not only Sargon’s official seals but also those of all his sons who ruled after him were preserved in Igbo Ukwu! Sargon was also identified with Biblical Nimrud. Both Sargon’s and Nimrud’s known Sumerian emblems are found in Igbo Ukwu (plates 1a-k). One of the artifacts (famously called an altar-stand) portrays a man and a woman standing back to back.

The man bears the Seal of Sargon on his forehead and the Sumerian pictograph for ‘Bara’, from which is derived Egyptian word ‘Pharaoh’ and Hindu word ‘Bharat’. His two hands form the word A-KAD in mirror-image (plate 1aa, bb), beneath the image below! Sargon is understood to be the same as Biblical Nimrud, both in his name and symbols. The artifact also features Serpent Writing which is an ancient writing form known to Hindus and Phoenicians alike.

Ogam Lines Translation, artwork by S A Akinyemi

Our discoveries suggest strongly that the present neighboring towns of Igbo Ukwu and Oraeri are standing on the ruin of the lost city of Akkad – the city of the Chaldean Magi located in the land the Sumerians called ‘Land of BU’: the colonialists called it EBO and the natives call it IGBO. L.A. Waddell in Makers of Civilization insists that the name Sargon/Shargon when properly read in Sumerian means SHA-ERI-GAN – ‘EMPEROR ERI OF THE GARDEN OF EDEN’!

Local legends say that Ora-Eri - ‘Eri Folk’ were the original inhabitants of the land where the excavations were found, having been driven out in war by the present inhabitants. Eri is the putative ancestor of the Kwa/Qa tribes of Nigeria and Ghana. True to type, many Sumerians god-kings proudly bore the Nigerian title Qa/Kwa.

Plate        1AA

Akkad is the Ancient City of Ayodhya of Indian Ramayana Epic: Akkad, otherwise called Agade in Sumerian texts, was known by the name Ayodhya in Indian epic tale Ramayana.

L.A. Waddell in his comparative translations of Pre-cuneiform Sumerian texts with Indus Valley Purana epics and Aryan epic texts (the Eddas) observed that the king-lists of Sumer were exactly the same with those of the Lower Indus, the Aryans of Europe and of Pre-dynastic Egypt.

The Sumerian name of Sargon is SHAR KIN. SARKIN is the Nigerian word for ‘KING’ in one of the many ethnic languages of Nigeria! Many Sumerian names of kings have survived in Nigeria.

One king of Sargon’s line was called Gani Eri. Another was called Attah, to name a few. These are existing names of Nigerian royal houses. Sumerians introduced saddled horses to the world. A saddled horse with a rider was found in the grave of the Monarch buried in Igbo Ukwu. Many other sacred emblems of Sumer too numerous to mention here, were among the excavations. All Sumerian textual images listed here are from L.A. Waddell – Makers of Civilization in Race and History, London, 1921.

They consist of an upper line from texts recovered in excavations in Mesopotamia featuring Indus type Sumerian letters (upper line) in comparison with actual Mesopotamian-type pictographs, all of them pre-cuneiform. Our listings indicate a generic connection between West African, Middle Eastern and Indus Valley inscriptions of the Sumerian mother-culture. All bronze/copper artifacts listed here are from the Thurstan Shaw excavations,

Plate      1BB

Plate 1aa (Above - Igbo Ukwu): Various pictographs of Sumer can be seen on this bronze stand: a hand curving to the right of the observer is the letter A. The ‘hand’ is the syllabic sound KAD: meaning A-KAD!

The forehead double concentric circle is the emblem of Sargon the Great, cf. plate 1bb, (right) Pre-Cuneiform Sumerian letters: concentric circle (Sharu) plus Man (Gin) = Sharru-Gin anglicized as ‘’Sargon. See also Omphalos symbol for Bara and surrounding Serpent Writing.

These will be listed in our new forthcoming book on the subject titled Eden in Sumer on the Niger. In fact, Thurstan Shaw noted repeatedly that many of the artifacts look Indian in style. One such seal is the elephant-head seal of Narmer, the grandson of Sargon the Great (plate 2a, b). It also bears the quadrangle emblem of Sargon. End of part 6 of 10. Next blog on 02/03/19.