America, New Netherland

"New Netherland is the epitome, and the noblest of all countries, a blessed province, where milk and honey flow" A poem by 17th-century Dutch poet Jacob Steendam. Below are several quotes culled from the pages of Narratives of New Netherland, 1609-1664, a compilation of accounts of the newly discovered land. The quotes are arranged into categories. “The Landes … were as pleasant with Grasse and Flowers, and goodly Trees, as ever they had seene, and very sweet smells came from them.” Robert Juet, a mate of Henry Hudson on his 1609 voyage. The 1609 Voyage of Henry Hudson.

The most well known early European observer of the land that would become New Netherland and the river that bears his name is Henry Hudson. Unfortunately, the journal of Henry Hudson was lost, but excerpts are found in other writings. The three quotes below reveal Hudson's assessment of the land's abundance and the ways of the natives.

"When I came on shore, the swarthy natives all stood and sang in their fashion. Their clothing consists of the skins of foxes and other animals, which they dress and make the garments from skins of various sorts. Their food is Turkish wheat, which they cook by baking, and it is excellent eating. Right: "A Male Savage of Tierra del Fuego" engraving from a drawing by Johnann Ihle from Ebenezer Sibly's "Universal System of Natural History" 1794 A.D.

They soon came on board, one after another, in their canoes, which are made of a single piece of wood. Their weapons are bows and arrows, pointed with sharp stones, which they fasten with hard resin. They had no houses, but slept under the blue heavens, some on mats of bulrushes interwoven, and some on the leaves of trees. They always carry with them all their goods, as well as their food and green tobacco, which is strong and good for use. They appear to be a friendly people, but are much inclined to steal, and are adroit in carrying away whatever they take a fancy to." (48)

"The land is the finest for cultivation that I ever in my life set foot upon, and it also abounds in trees of every description. The natives are a very good people; for, when they saw that I would not remain, they supposed that I was afraid of their bows, and taking the arrows, they broke them in pieces, and threw them into the fire..." (49)

"It is as pleasant a land as one can tread upon, very abundant in all kinds of timber suitable for ship-building, and for making large casks. The people had copper tobacco pipes, from which I inferred that copper must exist there; and iron likewise according to the testimony of the natives who, however, do not understand preparing it for use." (49) "On the top of their heads they have a streak of hair from the forehead to the neck, about the breadth of three fingers..." Reverend Johannes Megapolensis in 1644. The Natives (assumed to be describing Mohawk people, not the people pictured). Left: An Emblem of America London: Published 1st, February, 1801, by Haines & son, British Museum.

The excerpts below are from the writings of the Reverend Johannes Megapolensis in 1644. Kiliaen van Rensselaer, realising the importance of cultural institutions in his patroon-ship, selected the reverend and sent him to Renssealerswyck under a contract of six years. The quotes below reflect the complicated relationship between the natives and Europeans and an attempt to understand and interpret the ways of an alien culture. "They look at themselves constantly, and think they are very fine. They make themselves stockings and also shoes of deer skin, or they take leaves of their corn, and plait them together and use them for shoes.

The women, as well as the men, go with their heads bare. The women let their hair grow very long, and tie it together a little, and let it hang down their backs. The men have a long lock of hair hanging down, some on one side of the head, and some on both sides. On the top of their heads they have a streak of hair from the forehead to the neck, about the breadth of three fingers, and this they shorten until it is about two or three fingers long, and it stands right on end like a cock's comb or hog's bristles; on both sides of this cock's comb they cut all the hair short, except the aforesaid locks, and they also leave on the bare places here and there small locks, such as are in sweeping-brushes, and then they are in fine array." (173)

"But although they are so cruel, and live without laws or any punishments for evil doers, yet there are not half so many villainies or murders committed amongst them as amongst Christians; so that I oftentimes think with astonishment upon all the murders committed in the Fatherland, notwithstanding their severe laws and heavy penalties.

These Indians, though they live without laws, or fear of punishment, do not (at least, they very seldom) kill people, unless it may be in a great passion, or a hand-to-hand fight. Wherefore we go wholly unconcerned along with the Indians and meet each other an hour's walk off in the woods, without doing any harm to one another." (179)

"It is a pleasant and charming country, if only it were well peopled by our nation." David de Vries in 1642 The Land (comment: Albino greed). The quote below is from the Historisch Verhael, a work complied by the Dutch scholar Nicolaes van Wassenaer, which appeared in twenty-one semi-annual parts covering the years 1621-1631. The following entry is under December of 1624 and speaks to the area's economic potential.

"As regards the prosperity of New Netherland, we learn by the arrival of the ship whereof Jan May of Hoorn was skipper, that everything there is in good condition. The colony began to advance barely and to live in friendship with the natives. The fur or other trade remains in the West India Company, others being forbidden to trade there. Rich beavers, otters, martins and foxes are found there. This voyage five hundred otter skins, and fifteen hundred beavers, and a few other skins were brought hither, which were sold in four parcels for twenty-eight thousand, some hundred gilders." (77)

America, Black Carolina Indians, Dauphine

The Written Record of the Voyage of 1524 of Giovanni da Verrazano as recorded in a letter to Francis I, King of France, July 8th, 1524 A.D., (The Black Carolina Indians).  [Adapted from a translation by Susan Tarrow of the Cellere Codex, in Lawrence C. Wroth, ed., The Voyages of Giovanni da Verrazzano, 1524-1528 (Yale, 1970), pp. 133-143].

Since the storm that we encountered in the northern regions, Most Serene King, I have not written to tell Your Majesty of what happened to the four ships which you sent over the Ocean to explore new lands, as I thought that you had already been informed of everything--how we were forced by the fury of the winds to return in distress to Brittany with only the Normandy and the Dauphine, and that after undergoing repairs there, began our voyage with these two ships, equipped for war, following the coasts of Spain, Your Most Serene Majesty will have heard; and then according to our new plan, we continued the original voyage with only the Dauphine; now on our return from this voyage I will tell Your Majesty of what we found.

We set sail with the Dauphine from the deserted rock near the Island of Madeira, which belongs to the Most Serene King of Portugal on the 17th day of January last; we had fifty men, and were provided with food for eight months, with arms and other articles of war, and naval munitions;

we sailed westward on the gentle breath of a light easterly wind. In 25 days we covered eight hundred leagues. On the 24th day of February we went through a storm as violent as ever sailing man encountered. Right: "A female Savage of Tierra del Fuego" engraving from a drawing by Johnann Ihle from Ebenezer Sibly's "Universal System of Natural History" 1794 A.D.

We were delivered from it with the divine help and goodness of the ship, whose glorious name and happy destiny enabled her to endure the violent waves of the sea. We continued on our westerly course keeping rather to the north.

In another 25 days we sailed more than four hundred leagues where there appeared a new land which had never been seen before by any man, either Ancient or modern. At first it appeared to be rather low-lying; having approached within a quarter of a league, we realised that it was inhabited, for huge fires had been built on the seashore.

 We saw that the land stretched southward, and coasted along it in search of some port where we might anchor the ship and investigate the nature of the land, but in fifty leagues we found no harbor or place where we could stop with the ship.

Seeing that the land continued to the south we decided to turn and skirt it toward the north, where we found the land we had sighted earlier.

So we anchored off the coast and sent the small boat in to land. We had seen many people coming to the seashore, but they fled when they saw us approaching; several times they stopped and turned around to look at us in great wonderment. We reassured them with various signs, and some of them came up, showing great delight at seeing us and marvelling at our clothes, appearance, and our whiteness; they showed us by various signs where we could most easily secure the boat, and offered us some of their food. We were on land, and I shall now tell Your Majesty briefly what we were able to learn of their life and customs.

They go completely naked except that around their loins they wear skins of small animals like martens, with a narrow belt of grass around the body, to which they tie various tails of other animals which hang down to the knees; the rest of the body is bare, and so is the head. Some of them wear garlands of birds’ feathers. They are dark in colour (comment: some use the word Black, it's up to the translator, who is often-times a racist Albino. [End comment]), not unlike the Ethiopians, with thick black hair, not very long, tied back behind the head like a small tail.

As for the physique of these men, they are well proportioned, of medium height, a little taller than we are. They have broad chests, strong arms, and the legs and other parts of the body are well composed. There is nothing else, except that they tend to be rather broad in the face: but not all, for we saw many with angular faces. They have big black eyes, and an attentive and open look. They are not very strong, but they have a sharp cunning, and are agile and swift runners. From what we could tell from observation, in the last two respects they resemble the Orientals, particularly those from the farthest Sinarian regions.

We could not learn the details of the life and customs of these people because of the short time we spent on land, due to the fact that there were few men, and the ship was anchored on the high seas.
Not far from these people, we found others on the shore whose way of life we think is similar.

Ancient Europe, Celts, Gauls

In 2005 four multiple burials were discovered near Eulau, Germany. The 4,600-year-old graves contained groups of (Black) adults and children buried facing each other.

Eulau Family

 Skeletal and artefactual evidence and the simultaneous interment of the individuals suggest the supposed families fell victim to a violent event. Genetic analysis of four bodies found in a 4,600-year-old grave shows that they belonged to a mother, a father and their two sons, who were buried together in one another's arms.

The neolithic remains, which belong to a man aged between 40 and 60, a woman aged between 35 and 50, and boys aged 4 to 5 and 8 to 9, provide the earliest firm evidence for the existence of nuclear family units.

They may also bear witness to an ancient massacre: they were interred along with nine others in four graves, and many of the bodies show signs of a violent end. One female had a stone projectile head embedded in a vertebra, another had a fractured skull, and others had cut-marks on their hands and forearms consistent with self-defence.

Most of the dead were children or women, and only one of the bodies belonged to a man in his prime. It is likely that these people were murdered in a raid by a rival tribe, before the survivors returned to bury their dead. A second grave may also hold a less conventional family unit: it contains the bodies of an infant girl, two brothers aged 4 to 5 and 7 to 9, and a woman aged between 30 and 38.

Burial Site

DNA tests show that the other two boys were probably brothers, and although the woman could not have been their mother, she is thought to have been a paternal aunt or stepmother. The baby's body has been too badly preserved for a family relationship to be established. Wolfgang Haak, of the University of Adelaide, who led the research, said that in each grave, the bodies were arranged in positions that appear to have been symbolic of their relationships. In the case of the nuclear family, the man and woman were placed face-to-face with arms and hands linked, and the two boys were also facing one another. This is unusual for graves from this period, known as the Corded Ware Culture after its typical pots decorated with twisted cords.

Results of the DNA tests indicate that in the Nuclear family, the Father was Y-dna R1a, the Mother was MTdna - KAs would be expected, finding Black people with the R1a gene has thrown White genetics into a tailspin.

(It was long thought that haplogroup "R" was a White clade, introduced into Europe with the Kugan (White people) migrations from Central Asia which started at about 1,500 B.C.). Therefore a NEW theory was needed!

These are the European/White Countries (with populations at the time) that did NOT purchase a single African Slave, but yet have many artefacts of Black Aristocratic 'Negroids', with all sorts of spurious, fantastic, fabled and incredible explanation:

Russia = 144,031,000
Germany = 81,459,000
Turkey = 78,214,000
Italy = 60,963,000
Ukraine = 42,850,000
Poland = 38,494,000
Romania = 19,822,000
Kazakhstan = 17,543,000
Belgium = 11,259,000
Greece = 10,769,000
Czech Republic = 10,535,000

Sweden = 9,858,794
Hungary = 9,835,000
Azerbaijan = 9,651,000

Belarus = 9,481,000
Austria = 8,608,000
Switzerland = 8,265,000

Bulgaria = 7,185,000
Serbia = 7,103,000
Denmark = 5,673,000
Finland = 5,475,000
Slovakia = 5,426,000
Norway = 5,194,000
Ireland = 4,630,000
Croatia = 4,230,000

Bosnia and Herzegovina = 3,750,000
Georgia = 3,707,000
Moldova = 3,564,000
Armenia = 3,010,000
Lithuania = 2,906,000
Albania = 2,887,000
Macedonia = 2,071,000
Slovenia = 2,065,000
Latvia = 1,979,000
Kosovo = 1,867,000
Estonia = 1,315,000

Prehistoric Europe, Elves, Fairies, Gnomes, Piskies, Dwarfs, Pygmies

Journal of the Royal Institution of Cornwall 1907 AD: Footprint of Vanished Races in Cornwall: Page 281, first paragraph: Aetas and Mamanouas, dwarf races of the Philippine islands, and Andaman Islands, who are known as the Mincopies. In Africa new dwarfs Krapf and Obangos were found by M. Du-Chailu. The 'Akkas' pygmies were discovered in the heart of Central Africa, by Sweinfurth, in 1879 A.D.

It is know an established consensus among many anthropologist, that a number of dwarf races formed the earliest human inhabitants of Central Africa. Mr. R. G. Haliburton has traced these pygmy races into Morocco and Spain.

Long ago, Jacob Grimm concluded from the traditions of Elves, Gnomes and Trolls, current in Germany, that dwarf races inhabited Central Europe in prehistoric times, and Prof. Nillson has come to the same conclusion concerning Scandinavia.

Page 280, first paragraph: "I believe that the first human beings to enter Cornwall in the Neolithic period belonged to a race of dwarfs or pygmies, and were veritable 'little people'.

Ancient classical authors mention pygmies living in remote part of Africa and Asia. These stories were for long thought to be childish inventions, but recent discoveries have proved that they were perfectly correct."

"When the Dutch occupied South Africa, they met with dwarf Bushmen, who are the smallest pygmies in the world."

Page 281, second paragraph: In England we have similar legends of Fairies, Goblins and 'Little People', which are now explained in the same way, by many of our leading anthropologist, like Prof. E. B. Tylor and Mr. David Mac Ritchie.

Journal

 Page 282, first paragraph: David Mac Ritchie went on to state that "Picts Houses of Scotland, and fairy legends of the north, may be traced back to a race of prehistoric dwarfs."

The able Celtic scholar, Prof. Rhys, has set forth a view that "a dwarf race inhabited Britain previous to the Celtic invasion, and these views has generally being accepted among scholars."

Page 282, second paragraph: As for fairies, they are not the dethroned gods of heathen Celts, nor were they the spirits of unbaptised children, or of Druids who had rejected Christianity, but they were originally dwarfs and pygmies similar to piskies."

"They were actually killed in Wales." Page 282, second paragraph: "Cornwall, then, was in the early days of the Neolithic age, inhabited by a race of pygmies, like the Bushmen of South Africa, and whom for convenience, I shall call the Piskey-Dwarfs." Page 282, third paragraph: M. De Mortillet figured out their "diminutive half-an-inch arrow-heads," were found in France, Kitchen-midden, Hastings, England, and Rev. Reginald Gatty found large numbers of them in Yorkshire, England, including Germany and Poland.

Origin and Evolution of Primitive Man by Albert Churchwood 1912 A.D. Page 12: "But Gentlemen, it was in Africa that the little pygmy was first evolved, and from here these little men spread all over the world, North, East, South, West, until not only in Africa , but in Europe, Asia, North and South America and Oceania were populated by them."

Jomon Skull

  Page 13; "The Pygmy evolution is in the following order; Bushmen, Masaba Negro, Nilotic Negro, Masi, Mongoloids, and then the so called Aryanist." "Outside Africa they still exist in New Guinea, New Hebrides, the forest of Bolivia, the mountains in China, the Philippine islands, the Sakais, Malay Peninsula, and in Northern India." "They have been exterminated in Europe, North America, Japan, Australia and Tasmania."

The Archaeology and prehistoric annals os Scotland by Sir Daniel Wilson 1851 A.D. Page 477:
"Thus the Cruithne and Piccardach, or Northern and Southern Picts of Scotland, are frequently distinguished by Welsh chroniclers as the Gwyddyl duon and the Gwyddyl gwyn, or 'Black' and fair Gaels." "Perhaps the term Du-Caledones (Di-Caledones), by which the Romans distinguished the Northern from the Vecturiones or Southern Picts, is only a combination of the Celtic du or dubh, 'Black', with the generic name adopted by them."